Roots
Cochabamba to Washington, D.C.
He grew up in Cochabamba, Bolivia, where his parents ran a jewelry shop. In the United States he helped establish Electronic Plus in Washington, D.C., in 1994, which grew from selling consumer electronics into specialized car-audio installations.
Leverage
The townhouse at twenty-four
He rented out the upstairs rooms and lived in the basement. Rent covered the mortgage; later the home’s equity bought merchandise for the store. The usefulness of assets, and the danger of borrowing without a cushion.
Opportunity cost
The Ferrari F430 Spider
Bought in 2006 for about $320,000 and sold for around $200,000, then set against what the money might have become in the S&P 500. Enjoyment is not wrong; the order matters.
Due diligence
The 19 percent promise
A private investment projecting a 19 percent return failed to deliver. Management quality, due diligence and the ability to recover principal came first from then on.
Building equity
The building and Cosmos Audio
Buying the commercial building used by Electronic Plus turned business earnings into equity. When online shopping made electronics retail harder, his team created its own brand, Cosmos Audio.
Leadership
The owner trap
For years he handled every complaint, inventory question and employee decision himself. A company that cannot operate without its owner can trap that owner; procedures, managers and trust became part of his freedom plan.
For employees too
Wealth on a Salary
How employees and professionals build financial security through consistent saving, homeownership, debt reduction and investing. A different path from an entrepreneur’s, the same progression.
Planning
Your Freedom Number
The income and resources required to sustain the life you want—housing, daily expenses, travel, emergencies and retirement—planned with inflation, taxes, market swings and a long life in mind.
Afterword
The Price of Being Wrong
Losses in passive real estate investments, and the question to ask before any of them: not only “How much can I make?” but “What happens if I’m wrong?”